p-cresol glucuronide (pCG) is a liver-derived conjugate of the gut microbial metabolite p-cresol, excreted via the kidneys, and it reflects gut-microbiome activity in blood and urine.
p-cresol glucuronide – detoxicant or uremic toxin?
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5P medicine
Peroxisome biogenesis disorders and the lipidome
Explore how disruptions in peroxisomal lipid metabolism drive disease phenotypes and how lipidomics can reveal early biomarkers of rare disorders.
cAMP – a currency of cell signaling
Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) is a universal second messenger which translates extracellular cues into cellular responses regulating metabolism, gene expression, neurobiology, and immunity. Dysregulated cAMP signaling contributes to cancer, inflammation, and neurological disorders, making it a key target in precision medicine.
Bilirubin – from waste pigment to regulatory metabolite
Bilirubin reduces oxidative stress, supports liver and cardiovascular functions, and protects against inflammation-related health conditions.
Itaconic acid – from immune defense to a target in chronic disease
Itaconic acid shapes immune responses, affects the gut microbiome, and may influence cardiovascular, neurological, metabolic, and cancer outcomes.