Fructose is a simple sugar found in fruits and honey, but also added to many processed foods. Unlike glucose, it is mainly metabolized in the liver, and excessive intake can contribute to metabolic and inflammatory health issues.
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How metabolomics is improving healthcare – 6 must-read studies from 2025
biocrates’ standardized metabolomics empowers global research. Here is a selection of how our community of users has translated molecular fingerprints into insights for 5P medicine in 2025.
2025 at biocrates – A year shaped by 5P medicine
2025 was a year shaped by 5P medicine for biocrates. From the evolution of our scientific content to new product highlights and our integration into the Biognosys Group, this year demonstrated how metabolomics brings the five pillars of modern medicine – preventive, predictive, precision, population-based, and participatory – to life.
Homovanillic acid – a major dopamine metabolite
Homovanillic acid (HVA) is a monocarboxylic acid best known for its role as a major dopamine metabolite.
p-cresol glucuronide – detoxicant or uremic toxin?
p-cresol glucuronide (pCG) is a liver-derived conjugate of the gut microbial metabolite p-cresol, excreted via the kidneys, and it reflects gut-microbiome activity in blood and urine.





